[Author Prev][Author Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Author Index][Thread Index]
gEDA-cvs: CVS update: gschem-warmup.html
User: ahvezda
Date: 05/03/08 23:06:05
Modified: . gschem-warmup.html transistor-guide.html
tutorial.html
Log:
Updated gsch2pcb tutorial, changed version number in configure.ac (20050313),
ran make dist to update pot/po files.
Revision Changes Path
1.2 +3 -3 eda/geda/devel/docs/gsch2pcb_tutorial/gschem-warmup.html
(In the diff below, changes in quantity of whitespace are not shown.)
Index: gschem-warmup.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvspsrv/cvsroot/eda/geda/devel/docs/gsch2pcb_tutorial/gschem-warmup.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- gschem-warmup.html 7 Jan 2004 04:11:25 -0000 1.1
+++ gschem-warmup.html 9 Mar 2005 04:06:04 -0000 1.2
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<head>
<title>gschem warmup</title>
</head>
-<body background="./images/paper1.gif">
+<body background="../gkrellm/paper1.gif">
<center><h2>gschem Warmup for Beginners</h2></center>
<hr width=100% size=2>
You need to become familiar with doing a few things in gschem, so
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@
<hr>
<address>
<p align=center>
- <a href="./tutorial.html"
- name="Back to gsch2pcb Tutorial">Back to gsch2pcb Tutorial</a>
+ <a href="http://web.wt.net/~billw/gsch2pcb/tutorial.html";
+ name="www.gkrellm.net">Back to gsch2pcb Tutorial</a>
<br>
Bill Wilson <A HREF="mailto:bill--at--gkrellm.net";>bill--at--gkrellm.net</A>
<br>
1.2 +4 -4 eda/geda/devel/docs/gsch2pcb_tutorial/transistor-guide.html
(In the diff below, changes in quantity of whitespace are not shown.)
Index: transistor-guide.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvspsrv/cvsroot/eda/geda/devel/docs/gsch2pcb_tutorial/transistor-guide.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- transistor-guide.html 7 Jan 2004 04:11:25 -0000 1.1
+++ transistor-guide.html 9 Mar 2005 04:06:04 -0000 1.2
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<head>
<title>gschem Symbol and PCB Element Transistor Guide</title>
</head>
-<body background="./images/paper1.gif">
+<body background="../gkrellm/paper1.gif">
<center><h2>gschem Symbol and PCB Element Transistor Guide</h2></center>
<hr width=100% size=2>
<blockquote>
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
</ol>
It makes sense to me to say the second approach is obviously better.
Setting up the gschem symbols is simple enough, just create the six
-sybols for each transistor type with the pin numbers of the
+symbols for each transistor type with the pin numbers of the
emitter, base, and collector corresponding to the sequence indicated
in the name. For example, the symbol npn-ebc.sym would have an emitter
<b>pinnumber</b> attribute of <b>1</b>, a base <b>pinnumber</b>
@@ -217,8 +217,8 @@
<hr>
<address>
<p align=center>
- <a href="./tutorial.html"
- name="Back to gsch2pcb Tutorial">Back to gsch2pcb Tutorial</a>
+ <a href="http://web.wt.net/~billw/gsch2pcb/tutorial.html";
+ name="www.gkrellm.net">Back to gsch2pcb Tutorial</a>
<br>
Bill Wilson <A HREF="mailto:bill--at--gkrellm.net";>bill--at--gkrellm.net</A>
<br>
1.2 +129 -60 eda/geda/devel/docs/gsch2pcb_tutorial/tutorial.html
(In the diff below, changes in quantity of whitespace are not shown.)
Index: tutorial.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /home/cvspsrv/cvsroot/eda/geda/devel/docs/gsch2pcb_tutorial/tutorial.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- tutorial.html 7 Jan 2004 04:11:25 -0000 1.1
+++ tutorial.html 9 Mar 2005 04:06:04 -0000 1.2
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<head>
<title>gsch2pcb tutorial</title>
</head>
-<body background="./images/paper1.gif">
+<body background="../gkrellm/paper1.gif">
<center><h2>gschem -> gsch2pcb -> PCB</h2></center>
<hr width=100% size=2>
@@ -23,16 +23,38 @@
that the schematics can always be in sync with the PCB layout
because all element additions or deletions in the layout will
automatically be driven by changes in the schematics.
-<p> If you have versions less than gschem 20030525 or PCB 1.99 these
-tutorial examples may not work as expected.
-<p> If you have gEDA version 20030901 installed such that you are
-using its included gsch2pcb 0.9 and you are getting an error:
-<pre>
- ERROR: Unbound variable: open-output-pipe
-</pre>
-then the problem is syntax in <i>gnet-gsch2pcb.scm</i> that worked
-in guile 1.4 but does not work in guile 1.6. You'll need to upgrade to
-using at least gsch2pcb 1.0.1 to solve this problem.
+</blockquote>
+
+<h3> Tutorial Release Notes </h3>
+<blockquote>
+<ul>
+ <li>If you have versions less than gschem 20030525 or PCB 1.99 these
+ tutorial examples may not work as expected.
+ </li>
+ <li>If you have gEDA version 20030901 installed such that you are
+ using its included gsch2pcb 0.9 and you are getting an error:
+ <blockquote><pre>
+ERROR: Unbound variable: open-output-pipe
+ </pre></blockquote>
+ then the problem is syntax in <i>gnet-gsch2pcb.scm</i> that worked
+ in guile 1.4 but does not work in guile 1.6. You'll need to upgrade to
+ using at least gsch2pcb 1.0.1 to solve this problem.
+ </li>
+ <li>As of about 1/9/2004 CVS PCB versions changed to using a hi
+ resolution output file format which will require using at
+ least gsch2pcb-1.4.
+ </li>
+ <li><h5> Mini Changelog</h5>
+ <ul>
+ <li> 1/10/2004 - corrected my sloppy PCB file elements which had
+ silkscreen lines overlapping solder pads.
+ </li>
+ <li> 12/23/2003 - added comments about new CVS PCB versions which
+ have the m4 and newlib directories default installed under
+ /usr/share or /usr/local/share.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
</blockquote>
<h3> Terminology </h3>
@@ -260,7 +282,8 @@
library symbols having an initial <b>footprint</b> (and even <b>value</b>)
attribute default that covers most of your uses. Or, when you add your
first component, edit it to have a good footprint default and then copy it
- for all remaining components instead of adding them from the library.<br>
+ (select it and hit the <b>ec</b> keys) for all
+ remaining components instead of adding them from the library.<br>
Anyway, we're done for now with <b>one.sch</b>, so save it with
the menu <b>File->Save Page</b> and quit gschem.
</blockquote>
@@ -290,11 +313,14 @@
<li> Move components and draw nets as before.
</li>
<li> Edit component attributes:<br>
- Input module port: make <b>net</b> attribute be <b>vmixer:1</b>
- so this net will be connected to the <b>vmixer</b> in one.sch.
+ Input module port: edit <b>net</b> attribute to be invisible
+ and have value <b>vmixer:1</b>
+ so this net will be connected
+ to the <b>vmixer</b> in one.sch.
Make the <b>value</b> attribute be <b>Vmixer</b>.<br>
- Resistor: give it a <b>footprint</b> attribute of <b>R025</b>
- and a <b>value</b> attribute like 10K.<br>
+ Resistor: give it invisible <b>footprint</b> attribute
+ <b>R025</b>
+ and a visible <b>value</b> attribute 10K.<br>
Transistor: add <b>value</b> attribute <b>2N3904</b> and
invisible <b>footprint</b> attribute <b>TO92</b>.<br>
BNC connector: add invisible <b>footprint</b> attribute
@@ -329,7 +355,7 @@
<p>
Now we are done with the schematics except for assigning <b>refdes</b>
attributes and we can use the command <b>refdes_renum</b> to do this
- for both schematics at once. So, run:
+ for both schematics at once. So, save <b>two.sch</b>, quit gschem and run:
<blockquote><pre>
$ refdes_renum --pgskip one.sch two.sch
</pre></blockquote>
@@ -347,7 +373,11 @@
after you initially run <b>refdes_renum</b> and start a PCB
layout, to be safe you will
need to manually add (unique) <b>refdes</b> attributes for any
- schematic components you might add.
+ schematic components you might add. Also note that <b>refdes_renum</b> may
+ number your resistors differently than it did for my examples here
+ depending on the order in which resistors were added. Keep that in
+ mind when comparing your eventual PCB layout to what you see in the
+ images below.
</blockquote>
<h4> Generate PCB Files from Schematics</h4>
<blockquote>
@@ -393,7 +423,7 @@
for tight layout situations. You should also set the default line
and via sizes you
want for Signal, Power, Fat, and Skinny drawing in the
- <b>Sizes->adjust...</b> menu. Then select the routing style you wish
+ <b>Sizes->adjust...</b> menu. Then select the routing style you want
to use from the <b>Sizes</b> menu. You can set your
board size now or wait until later with <b>Edit->change board size</b>.
And it may be useful to you to set <b>Screen->display grid</b>.
@@ -465,7 +495,8 @@
middle mouse button and rotate them with the left mouse
button until the rats-nest lines look minimized. Hit the
<b>f</b> key with the mouse on a pin to highlight
- particular routes to help visualize the routes.
+ particular routes to help visualize the routes. <b>Shift f</b>
+ to unhighlight.
</td>
</tr></table>
</td>
@@ -473,6 +504,13 @@
</table>
<blockquote>
+ Note: you can use the PCB auto placement feature instead of
+ manually placing the components as described above. To do this
+ you would load the netlist, select the components you want to be
+ autoplaced (if this is the first PCB run, just <b>Select->select all
+ objects</b>) then do <b>Select->auto place selected elements</b>.
+ Then you can manually tune the PCB generated placements.
+ <p>
At this point you can start routing traces between pins connected
by rats nest lines. On the left PCB toolbar,
select the <b>LINE</b> tool, select the layer you want to draw on
@@ -482,7 +520,7 @@
routes that need to be connected.
If you want to stop the current trace so you can start
drawing a new trace somewhere else, finish the current trace with
- a middle mouse click. Or auto route if you wish.
+ a middle mouse click. Or you can play with auto routing here.
<p>
A very useful operation with the <b>SEL</b>
tool is to select multiple objects and then cut or copy them to a
@@ -568,21 +606,25 @@
modify a schematic to use a <b>file element</b>. But first, it would
help to know about the default elements PCB provides. Depending
on the location of your PCB install there will be a directory
- <b>/usr/local/pcb_lib, /usr/lib/pcb_lib,</b> or possibly
- something else. Once you find your <b>pcb_lib</b> directory,
+ <b>/usr/local/share/pcb/newlib, /usr/share/pcb/newlib</b>, or possibly
+ something else (depending on the <i>prefix</i> specified when PCB
+ was installed). PCB versions before 20031113 used <b>pcb_lib</b> instead
+ of <b>newlib</b> in the locations
+ <b>/usr/local/pcb_lib, </b> or <b>/usr/lib/pcb_lib,</b>.
+ Once you find your <b>newlib</b> directory,
look at the file names in each subdirectory. Each file name
is a name which may be used as a <b>footprint</b> attribute
for a schematic component. For example, there is the file
- <b>xxx/pcb_lib/2_pin_thru-hole_packages/0.125W_Carbon_Resistor</b>
+ <b>xxx/newlib/2_pin_thru-hole_packages/0.125W_Carbon_Resistor</b>
so if we wanted 1/8 watt resistors on our layout, we could
use <b>0.125W_Carbon_Resistor</b> as the resistor <b>footprint</b>
attribute instead of <b>R025</b>. Try changing, say resistor R101 to
use <b>0.125W_Carbon_Resistor</b> in <b>one.sch</b> and
then run <b>gsch2pcb project</b>. If gsch2pcb does not find
- this element, then you need to add your <b>pcb_lib</b>
+ this element, then you need to add your <b>newlib</b>
directory to your <b>project</b> file with a line like:
<blockquote><pre>
-elements-dir /usr/lib/pcb_lib
+elements-dir /usr/lib/newlib
</pre></blockquote>
If gsch2pcb does find it, you will get:
<blockquote><pre>
@@ -605,8 +647,11 @@
A common way to generate a custom symbol is to start with an
existing symbol and modify it. One thing I don't like about
the <b>dual-opamp-1.sym</b> we used is that the power pins are
- repeated on each symbol and it would make a page full of opamps
- look a little cluttered. It's possible with gschem for symbols to
+ repeated on each symbol. While some will prefer this, I
+ think it makes a page full of opamps
+ look a little cluttered and it presents a good opportunity to
+ learn about <b>net</b> attributes in this tutorial.
+ It's possible with gschem for symbols to
have <b>net</b> attributes which can assign pins to a particular
net. Instead of hooking up each opamp pin 8 to Vcc and pin 4 to
to Vee on the schematic, we can have that happen automatically and
@@ -730,7 +775,7 @@
</pre></blockquote>
Where the gEDA gnetlist program seems a bit excited about finding the new
Vcc and Vee <b>net</b> attributes we just added, and a new netlist
-was generated. Now the schematic looks
+was generated. Now I think the schematic looks
cleaner:
<p>
<center><table border=1>
@@ -768,7 +813,7 @@
<p>
Run <b>pcb</b> and the first thing to do is go to the <b>Sizes</b>
menu and select <b>adjust "Signal" sizes</b>. Set the via hole
- to 42 and the via size to 70 or larger if you wish. Then make
+ to 42 and the via size to 70 or larger as you like. Then make
sure you use this via
size by selecting <b>Sizes->use "Signal" routing style</b>. Select
<b>Screen->25 mil</b> and <b>Screen->display grid</b>.
@@ -787,11 +832,14 @@
<td>
<ul>
<li>Select the <b>VIA</b> tool and place two vias 400 mils
- apart.
+ apart.</li>
<li>With the mouse on the left via, hit the <b>n</b>
key and give the via the name <b>1</b>. Give the
right via the name <b>2</b>
</li>
+ <li> Pin 1 will be the cathode and this must agree with the
+ pin numbers in your diode gschem symbol.
+ </li>
</ul>
</td>
@@ -808,11 +856,13 @@
<ul>
<li>Select the <b>Silk</b> layer and the <b>LINE</b> tool.
</li>
- <li>Draw the component outline as shown.
+ <li>Draw the component outline as shown with line width set
+ to 10 mils and the grid setting set to 10 mils.
</li>
<li>Draw the left fat cathode indicator with three lines after
- setting line width to 20 and the grid setting
- to 10 mils.
+ setting the line width to 20 mils.
+ </li>
+ <li> Don't let silk layer lines overlap solder pads. </li>
</ul>
</td>
@@ -838,11 +888,19 @@
<b>Note:</b> if you save the element with a name which is the same
as a <b>m4 element</b>, gsch2pcb will preferentially use the m4
element unless you give gsch2pcb the --use-files (or -f) option.
- You may put <b>use-files</b> in a project file if you wish to always
+ You may put <b>use-files</b> in a project file if you want to always
give priority to using <b>file elements</b>. The m4 element names appear
to use upper case, so you could also avoid the problem by using
- lower case in your file element names.<br>
- <p>
+ lower case in your file element names. Also, the only way I know to make
+ the pin 1 of the symbol square is to edit the D400-1A file manually and
+ change the square flag in the Pin "1" line. For example, change the
+ line:
+ <blockquote><pre>
+ Pin(0 0 70 20 70 42 "" "1" 0x00000001)
+to:
+ Pin(0 0 70 20 70 42 "" "1" 0x00000101)
+ </pre></blockquote>
+
You can now use <b>D400-1A</b> in a gschem schematic symbol
<b>footprint</b> attribute and gsch2pcb will find it provided
you have made the <b>packages</b> link described in the <b>Setup</b>
@@ -852,14 +910,15 @@
elements-dir ~/gaf/pcb-elements
</pre></blockquote>
- Possibly you've noticed, but there is something not right about the
- <b>myproject1</b> example.
- The transistor is backwards on the layout!
+ Possibly you've noticed, but there are some things not right about the
+ <b>myproject1</b> example. For one thing, silk layer lines are
+ overlapping solder pads on some of the elements, and for another,
+ the transistor is backwards on the layout!
You otherwise shouldn't have a problem like this when working
with gschem and PCB, but transistor pin numbering can be confusing.
If you will be using transistors in your designs, here's a description
of my approach to
- making sure transistor symbol pin numbering is
+ making sure my gschem transistor symbol pin numbering is
coordinated with PCB element pin numbers:
<a href="transistor-guide.html" name="transistor-guide.html">
transistor guide.</a>
@@ -876,13 +935,17 @@
names, select <b>Screen->pinout shows number</b>.
<p>
I have libraries with transistor symbols and elements that you might
- find useful, so if you wish you can get your custom
+ find useful, so as a convenience you can get your custom
libraries initially populated by installing my
- <a href="http://web.wt.net/~billw/gsch2pcb/gsch2pcb-libs.tar.gz"; name="gsch2pcb-libs.tar.gz">
- gschem/PCB libraries </a>.
+ <a href="gsch2pcb-libs-20040110.tar.gz"
+ name="gsch2pcb-libs-20040110.tar.gz"> gschem/PCB libraries </a>.
Untar them under ~/gaf to mirror the setup of our example
and there will also be a
<b>~/gaf/pcb-elements.Readme</b> which documents the PCB elements.
+ <blockquote>
+ <i>Note: as of 1/10/2004 I've corrected the tarball pcb elements
+ to not overlap solder pads with silk layer lines.</i>
+ </blockquote>
If you untar them somewhere else,
you will need to make sure that gschem knows about them with
gschemrc/gnetlistrc <b>component-library</b> lines and that
@@ -899,20 +962,22 @@
shows a new symbol for the 2N3904 which I created from my
custom <b>npn-ebc.sym</b> as described in my transistor guide.
In the updated board.pcb layout,
- compare the outline appearance of the transistor to the original
- layout. I also changed the <b>footprint</b> attribute for
+ if you compare the outline appearance of the transistor to the original
+ layout you see that the orientation is now correct and that silk layer
+ lines don't overlap the solder pads.
+ I also changed the <b>footprint</b> attribute for
resistors R102 and R103 in <b>one.sch</b> to my custom
1/8 watt <b>R0w8</b> and 1/4 watt <b>R0w4</b> elements to
illustrate the differences in style you can have with
custom elements. You can also see the R101 style after its
footprint was changed to <b>0.125W_Carbon_Resistor</b> as suggested
above. As you evaluate the differences in these styles, I'll mention
- that for my custom elements I wanted sufficient room to display
- value and refdes text (the 0.125W... element body is too small
- to hold the R101 text) and I wanted the pin diameter a little larger
+ that for my custom elements I wanted to maximize room to display
+ value and refdes text (the 0.125W... element body could be a little
+ larger) and I wanted the solder pad diameter a little larger
so it will be more forgiving of board fabrication technique.
- Also, the resistor pin spacing for my <b>R0w4</b> is slightly less than in
- <b>R025</b> to improve component density.
+ Also, the resistor pin spacing for my <b>R0w4</b> is slightly less
+ than in <b>R025</b> to improve component density.
</blockquote>
<center><table cellspacing=30>
@@ -955,13 +1020,16 @@
So for now all I can say is that the best
way to find out what's available is to read the m4 element files and
for this you need to know where the PCB
- m4 files install location is. On most installs it will be the directory
- <b>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/pcb/m4</b>, but if yours is
- somewhere else you will
- have to track it down. By the way, if this directory <i>is</i> somewhere
- different, then gsch2pcb won't be finding your <b>m4 elements</b> in
- the above examples and you will need to add this directory
- to your <b>project</b> file with a line like:
+ m4 files install location is. As of PCB 20031113 this install
+ directory will most likely be <b>/usr/share/pcb/m4</b> or
+ <b>/usr/local/share/pcb/m4</b>, while on earlier PCB versions it could be
+ <b>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/pcb/m4</b> (run <i>gsch2pcb --help</i> or
+ <i>gsch2pcb -v project</i> to see which of these directories gsch2pcb
+ is using). But if your install is somewhere else you will
+ have to track it down. By the way, if the m4 directory <i>is</i> somewhere
+ different from the above three, then gsch2pcb won't be finding your
+ <b>m4 elements</b> in the above examples and you will need to add
+ the correct m4 directory to your <b>project</b> file with a line like:
<blockquote><pre>
m4-pcbdir /path/to/pcb/m4
</pre></blockquote>
@@ -1082,7 +1150,7 @@
For this tutorial, I'll use the first <b>pcb.inc</b> way, so copy over
the existing macro file:
<blockquote><pre>
-cd /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/pcb/m4
+cd /usr/local/share/pcb/m4 (or /usr/share/pcb/m4 or /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/pcb/m4)
cp dil.inc ~/gaf/myproject1/pcb.inc
cd ~/gaf/myproject1
</pre></blockquote>
@@ -1159,6 +1227,7 @@
</pre>
</li>
<li> If the default PCB m4 install is not
+ <b>/usr/local/share/pcb/m4, /usr/share/pcb/m4,</b> or
<b>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/pcb/m4</b>, then make the install location
known to all users of gsch2pcb by putting into
<b>/etc/gsch2pcb</b> or <b>/usr/local/etc/gsch2pcb</b> the line:
@@ -1191,7 +1260,7 @@
<address>
<p align=center>
<a href="http://web.wt.net/~billw/gsch2pcb/gsch2pcb.html";
- name="gsch2pcb Home">gsch2pcb Home</a>
+ name="www.gkrellm.net">gsch2pcb Home</a>
<br>
Bill Wilson <A HREF="mailto:bill--at--gkrellm.net";>bill--at--gkrellm.net</A>
<br>